Constants

Policy

Block Parameters

Parameters Value Description
BLOCK_TIME 60 Targeted block time in seconds.
BLOCK_SIZE_MAX 1e5 (100 kB) Maximum block size in bytes.
DIFFICULTY_BLOCK_WINDOW 120 Number of blocks that are taken into account for calculating the next difficulty.
DIFFICULTY_MAX_ADJUSTMENT_FACTOR 2 Maximum factor about which the difficulty can be adjusted from one block to the next.
TRANSACTION_VALIDITY_WINDOW 120 Number of blocks a transaction is valid for, after it’s startValidity.

Supply & Emission Parameters

Parameter Value Description
LUNAS_PER_COIN 1e5 Number of Lunas per Nimiq. Referred to in code as Satoshi.
TOTAL_SUPPLY 21e14 Targeted total supply in Lunas. This is the same amount that Bitcoin has.
INITIAL_SUPPLY 252000000000000 Initial supply at the genesis block in Lunas. This describes the amount NIMs that are created from the fundraising and all other pre-allocated funds.
EMISSION_SPEED 2^22 The amount of Lunas that haven’t been rewarded at that point in time are divided by this speed to calculate the reward (this ensures the smoothness of the reward emission process).
EMISSION_TAIL_START 48692960 First block using constant tail emission until total supply is reached.
EMISSION_TAIL_REWARD 4000 Constant tail emission per block in Lunas until total supply is reached.
M 240 NIPoPoW parameter M; The minimum length of a superchain.
K 120 NIPoPoW parameter K; The suffix size of the chainproof.
DELTA 0.1 NIPoPoW Security parameter DELTA.
NUM_BLOCKS_VERIFICATION 250 Number of blocks the light client downloads to verify the accounts tree construction.
NUM_SNAPSHOTS_MAX 20 Maximum number of snapshots that a node will keep (snapshots are used so that other nodes can synchronize to a consistent state even if a new block is added to the blockchain).

Network

Parameter Value Description
PEER_COUNT_DESIRED 6 Number of peers a node aims to connect to.
PEER_COUNT_RELAY 4 Specifies to how many peers newly learned addresses are forwarded.
CONNECTING_COUNT_MAX 2 Maximum number of simultaneous outbound connection attempts.
SIGNAL_TTL_INITIAL 3 Considered to check validity of signals.
ADDRESS_UPDATE_DELAY 1000 Delay added before checking peer count and connecting to new peers. This allows RTC peer addresses to be sent to the peer in question.
CONNECT_BACKOFF_INITIAL 1000 Backoff for peer count check in seconds.
CONNECT_BACKOFF_MAX 300000
(5 min)		 Maximum Backoff time before a new backoff is triggered.
SIGNAL_MAX_AGE 10 Maximum age in seconds a signal needs to have to be valid.
PEER_COUNT_MAX 15/50000 Maximum amount of peers. Browsers are limited to 15, other platforms to 50k.
PEER_COUNT_PER_IP_WS_MAX 1/25 Maximum WebSocket connections from the same IP Address. Browsers are limited to 1, other platforms to 25.
PEER_COUNT_PER_IP_RTC_MAX 2 Maximum RTC connections for a peer’s IP Address.

Network Utils

Parameter Value Description
IP_BLACKLIST ‘0.0.0.0’,
‘255.255.255.255’,’::’		 Blacklisted IP addresses will never be contacted.
IPv4_PRIVATE_NETWORK ‘10.0.0.0/8’,
‘172.16.0.0/12’,
‘192.168.0.0/16’,
‘100.64.0.0/10’,
‘169.254.0.0/16’		 IP Address ranges considered to be within private networks and thus are not connected to.

Network Agent

Parameter Value Description
HANDSHAKE_TIMEOUT 3000
(3 sec)		 Timeout {ms} the node waits before droping a peer’s connection.
PING_TIMEOUT 10000
(10 sec)		 Timeout {ms} the node waits for a peer to answer with a matching pong message during connectivity check.
CONNECTIVITY_CHECK_INTERVAL 60000
(1 min)		 Interval at which the node regularly checks connectivity.
ANNOUNCE_ADDR_INTERVAL 300000
(5 min)		 Interval at which the node regularly announces its address.
RELAY_THROTTLE 120000
(2 min)		 Time {ms} the node will wait to re send an address.
VERSION_ATTEMPTS_MAX 10 During handshake, maximum amount of version attempts per address the node will allow before droping the connection. A version attempt checks version, network address & blockchain head hash.
VERSION_RETRY_DELAY 500 Time {ms} the node waits before retrying a version attempt during handshake.

Peer Address

Parameters

Parameter Value Description
MAX_AGE_WEBRTC 60000
(1 min)		 Age {ms} of a peer address to be sent back in a WebRTC address query.
MAX_AGE_DUMB 4 Age {ms} of a peer address to be sent back in a Dumb address query.
MAX_FAILED_ATTEMPTS_WS 3 Maximum failed attempts for peers connecting using WebSocket
MAX_FAILED_ATTEMPTS_RTC 2 Maximum failed attempts for peers connecting using WebRTC
MAX_TIMESTAMP_DRIFT 600000
(10 min)		 Maximum time allowed for a peer address’s timestamp to drift into the future.
HOUSEKEEPING_INTERVAL 60000
(1 min)		 Interval {ms} at which regular housekeeping routines are executed.
DEFAULT_BAN_TIME 600000
(10 min)		 Duration {ms} a peer address remains banned.
INITIAL_FAILED_BACKOFF 15000
(15 sec)		 Initial backoff, {ms}, for failed connections.
MAX_FAILED_BACKOFF 600000
(10 min)		 Maximum backoff, {ms}, for failed connections.

States

State Value Description
NEW 1 Initial state peer addresses are initialized with.
CONNECTING 2 State in which the node remains while connection to the peer address is being established
CONNECTED 3 Indicates a connection to a peer address has been established.
TRIED 4 State a peer address is set to when it is disconnected.
FAILED 5 Indicates a network connection to a peerAddress has failed.
BANNED 6 State of a peer address that have been banned.

Signal ID Serialized Size

Parameter Value Description
SERIALIZED_SIZE 16 Size in bytes of the serialized signal.

Transaction Receipts Message Maximum Count

Parameter Value Description
RECEIPTS_MAX_COUNT 500 Maximum amount of transaction receipts in transaction receipts.

Signal Message Flags

Flag Value Description
UNROUTABLE 0x1 Indicates a signal message is unroutable.
TTL_EXCEEDED 0x2 Indicates the TTL of a signal message has exceeded the maximum allowed.

Reject Message Code

Flag Value
REJECT_MALFORMED 0x01
REJECT_INVALID 0x10
REJECT_OBSOLETE 0x11
REJECT_DOUBLE 0x12
REJECT_DUST 0x41
REJECT_INSUFFICIENT_FEE 0x42

Messages

Message Magic

Type Value Description
MAGIC 0x42042042 Special string that indicates the information sent should be interpreted as a message.

Message Types

Type Value Description
VERSION 0 Version message.
INV 1 Inventory message
GET_DATA 2  
GET_HEADER 3  
NOT_FOUND 4  
GET_BLOCKS 5 Get Blocks message
BLOCK 6 Blocks message
HEADER 7 Header message
TX 8 Transaction message
MEMPOOL 9 Mempool message
REJECT 10 Reject message
SUBSCRIBE 11 Subscribe message
ADDR 20 Addresses Message
GET_ADDR 21 Get Addresses Message
PING 22 Ping message
PONG 23 Pong message
SIGNAL 30 Signal message
GET_CHAIN_PROOF 40 Get Chain Proof message
CHAIN_PROOF 41 Chain proof message
GET_ACCOUNTS_PROOF 42 Get accounts proof message
ACCOUNTS_PROOF 43 Accounts proof message
GET_ACCOUNTS_TREE_CHUNK 44 Gets accounts tree chunk message
ACCOUNTS_TREE_CHUNK 45 Accounts tree chunk message
GET_TRANSACTIONS_PROOF 47 Get transactions proof message
TRANSACTIONS_PROOF 48 Transactions proof
GET_TRANSACTION_RECEIPTS 49  
TRANSACTION_RECEIPTS 50 Transactions receipts

Get Blocks Message Directions

Direction Value
FORWARD 0x1
BACKWARD 0x2

Further Constants

Protocol Types

Protocol Value
DUMP 0
WS 1
RTC 2

Services Types

Protocol Value
NONE 0
NANO 1
LIGHT 2
FULL 4

Alphabets

Alphabet Value
RFC4648 ‘ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ234567=’
RFC4648_HEX ‘0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV=’
NIMIQ ‘0123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVXY’
HEX_ALPHABET ‘0123456789abcdef’

WebRTC Data Channel

Parameter Value Description
CHUNK_SIZE_MAX 16384
(16 Kb)		 Maximum size {bits} allowed for a WebRTC message before being splited into chunks.
MESSAGE_SIZE_MAX 10485760
(10Mb)		 Maximum size {bits} allowed for a message WebRTC.
CHUNK_TIMEOUT 5000
(5 sec)		 Allowed timeout between chunks for a chunked WebRTC message.
CHUNK_BEGIN_MAGIC 0xff Special string that indicates the beginning chunk of a message splitted in chunks.
CHUNK_INNER_MAGIC 0xfe Special string that indicates the middle chunks of a message splitted in chunks.
CHUNK_END_MAGIC 0xfd Special string that indicates the end chunk of a message splitted in chunks.

WebSocket Connector

Parameter Value Description
CONNECT_TIMEOUT 5000 Timeout for WebSocket conections in Browsers.

Consensus Constants

Full Consensus

Parameter Value Description
SYNC_THROTTLE 1500 Time {ms} for the node to wait for more peers to connect before start syncing.

Full Consensus Agent

Parameter Value Description
SYNC_ATTEMPTS_MAX 10 Maximum number of blockchain sync retries before closing the connection.
GETBLOCKS_VECTORS_MAX 500 Maximum number of inventory vectors to sent in the response for onGetBlocks.
RESYNC_THROTTLE 3000
(3 sec)		 Time in millisecongs to wait before triggering a blockchain re-sync with the peer.
MEMPOOL_DELAY_MIN 2000
(2 sec)		 Minimum time {ms} to wait before triggering the initial mempool request.
MEMPOOL_DELAY_MAX 20000
(20 sec)		 Maximum time {ms} to wait before triggering the initial mempool request.
MEMPOOL_THROTTLE 1000 Time {ms} to wait between sending full inv vectors of transactions during Mempool request.
MEMPOOL_ENTRIES_MAX 10 Maximum number Number of allowed transaction to send.

Full Chain

Parameter Value Description
ERR_ORPHAN -2 Indicates the block’s immediate predecessor is not part of the chain.
ERR_INVALID -1 Indicates the block is not a full block (does not include block body) or matches with an intrinsic variant. (?)
OK_KNOWN 0 Indicates the node already knows this block.
OK_EXTENDED 1 Indicates the block extends the node’s current main chain.
OK_REBRANCHED 2 Indicates the block fork has become the hardest chain and the node will rebranch to it.
OK_FORKED 3 Indicates a new fork was created.

Light Consensus Agent

Parameter Value Description
CHAINPROOF_REQUEST_TIMEOUT 20000 Maximum time {ms} to wait for chainProof after sending out getChainProof before dropping the peer.
ACCOUNTS_TREE_CHUNK_REQUEST_TIMEOUT 5000 Maximum time {ms} to wait for accounts tree chunk after requesting it to a peer before dropping that peer.
SYNC_ATTEMPTS_MAX 5 Maximum number of blockchain sync retries before closing the connection.
GETBLOCKS_VECTORS_MAX 500 Maximum number of inventory vectors to sent in the response for onGetBlocks.

Light Consensus

Parameter Value Description
SYNC_THROTTLE 1000 Time {ms} for the node to wait for more peers to connect before start syncing.

Nano Mempool

Parameter Value Description
TRANSACTIONS_MAX_COUNT 50000 Maximum lenght of the mempool, oldest transactions are evicted from the mempool if it grows too large than this value.
TRANSACTIONS_EVICT_COUNT 5000 Amount of transaction to be evicted each time.

Nano Consensus Agent

Parameter Value Description
CHAINPROOF_REQUEST_TIMEOUT 30000 Maximum time {ms} to wait for chainProof after sending out getChainProof before dropping the peer.
ACCOUNTSPROOF_REQUEST_TIMEOUT 5000 Maximum time {ms} to wait for accounts proof after requesting it to a peer before dropping that peer.
TRANSACTIONSPROOF_REQUEST_TIMEOUT 10000 Maximum time {ms} to wait for transaction proof after requesting it to a peer before dropping that peer.
TRANSACTIONS_REQUEST_TIMEOUT 15000 Maximum time {ms} to wait for transactions after sending out getTransactions before dropping the peer.

Nano Consensus

Parameter Value Description
SYNC_THROTTLE 1000 Time {ms} for the node to wait for more peers to connect before start syncing.

Nano Chain

Parameter Value Description
ERR_ORPHAN -2 Indicates the block’s immediate predecessor is not part of the chain.
ERR_INVALID -1 Idicates the block is not a full block (includes block body) or match with an intrinsic variant. (?)
OK_KNOWN 0 Indicates the node already knows this block..
OK_EXTENDED 1 Indicates the block extends our current main chain.
OK_REBRANCHED 2 Indicates the block fork has become the hardest chain and node will rebranch to it.
OK_FORKED 3 Indicates a new fork was created.